Abstract

The increasing demand for robust communication systems in deep- space exploration and satellite communications has highlighted the limitations of traditional networking protocols. Delay/Disruption- Tolerant Networking (DTN) emerges as a viable solution to address intermittent connectivity, long propagation delays, and data loss in such environments. Integrating DTN with a deep-space relay network offers a strategic approach to enhancing connectivity for small satellites, which are critical in modern technologies such as Earth observation, navigation, and scientific research. However, achieving reliable data transmission remains a challenge due to dynamic link availability, limited bandwidth, and energy constraints in small satellites. This study proposes an advanced DTN-based architecture integrated with a deep-space relay network tailored for small satellite communications. The architecture employs adaptive routing protocols and priority-based data queuing to ensure optimal resource utilization and data delivery. Performance evaluations conducted using simulation models indicate a significant improvement in network efficiency. Key metrics demonstrate a 25% reduction in data delivery latency and an 18% increase in successful data transmission rates compared to conventional methods. Furthermore, energy consumption is optimized by 15%, making it suitable for small satellites with limited power resources. These findings underscore the potential of DTN and deep-space relay networks in revolutionizing small satellite communication, enabling more reliable and efficient connectivity in modern technological applications.