Abstract

An integer linear programming (ILP) model was developed with the intention of reducing the quantity of network spectrum resources while maintaining spectrum contiguity and spectrum continuity restrictions. The techniques that were just outlined have the goal of decreasing the amount of bandwidth that is used by a network; however, they do not consider the issue of spectrum fragmentation. As a result of this, many authors have zeroed in on the issue of spectrum fragmentation and presented a wide range of potential remedies. By separating a single request into many more manageable sub-requests, the Ensemble algorithm makes it less likely that a connection would be denied. However, to process the request, this will necessitate an increase in the number of guard bands and transponders that are used. This will come at a cost. EONs proposed a novel approach to the spectrum's compactness that they developed (SCS). Even though deciding on a compactness threshold can significantly cut down on the amount of spectral fragmentation that takes place, doing so is notoriously difficult for a number of different reasons.