The growing demand for clean and sustainable energy has driven
significant interest in solar energy, particularly in photovoltaic (PV)
systems. Traditional silicon-based solar cells have limitations in
efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Nanoelectronics, which involves the
manipulation of materials at the atomic and molecular levels, offers
promising solutions for improving the efficiency and performance of
PV systems. The combination of nanomaterials, including quantum
dots, nanowires, and graphene, has shown potential to enhance light
absorption, charge carrier mobility, and overall system performance.
Despite advances in photovoltaic technologies, current commercial
solar cells face challenges such as high production costs, limited
efficiency under varying environmental conditions, and suboptimal
energy conversion rates. Achieving significant improvements in these
areas is essential for large-scale deployment of solar energy systems.
This study investigates the use of advanced nanoelectronic materials
and structures to optimize the performance of PV systems. Quantum
dots were combined into multi-junction solar cells to increase the
absorption of sunlight across a broader spectrum, while nanowires
were used to improve electron transport. Graphene layers were
incorporated to enhance the conductivity and reduce resistance in the
PV cells. Extensive simulations and experimental testing were
conducted under varying environmental conditions, including changes
in light intensity and temperature. The combination of nanomaterials
led to a significant enhancement in photovoltaic efficiency. The
quantum dot-based solar cells achieved a conversion efficiency of 34%,
a notable increase from the typical 20% efficiency of traditional silicon
cells. Nanowire combination improved charge carrier mobility,
reducing recombination losses by 25%. Graphene layers enhanced
electrical conductivity, resulting in a 15% improvement in overall
system performance. The cost of production was also reduced by 18%
due to the use of more abundant materials and streamlined fabrication
processes.
K.R. Chairma Lakshmi
R.M.K. Engineering College, India
Nanoelectronics, Photovoltaic Systems, Quantum Dots, Nanowires, Solar Energy Efficiency
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| Published By :
ICTACT
Published In :
ICTACT Journal on Microelectronics
( Volume: 10 , Issue: 3 , Pages: 1879 - 1887 )
Date of Publication :
October 2024
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